Hydraulic Fracturing is the use of fluid and material to create or restores small fractures in a formation in order to stimulate production from new and existing oil and gas well. It is the fracturing of rock by pressurizes liquid. This creates the path that increase the rate at which fluids can be produced from the reservoir formations, in few cases it will by hundred of percent.
In thee process of hydraulic fracturing basically water is used, and its mixed with sand and chemicals, then the mixture is injected at a high pressure into a wellbore to crate small fractures which are basically less than 1mm, along which various fluids like petroleum, uranium, gas, and brine water may migrated to well. After which hydraulic pressure is removed and small grains of proppant induced into these fractures, which holds this fractures open once the rock achieves equilibrium. This techniques are very commonly used in wells for shale gas, tight oil, tight gas, and coal seam gas.
To know How Hydraulic Fracturing works you can visit following video link:
Following image gives you the brief idea about hydraulic Fracturing:
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| source:www.propublica.org |
Advantages and disadvantages of Hydraulic Fracturing
1. Increase in production of natural gas.
2. Increase in economic activities.
3. Reduction in price for drilling natural gas.
these are the some important advantages of hydraulic fracturing and rest of all are as given below.
Hydraulic fracturing has been used all over the America, it is an easy and fast way to extract natural gas and oil from the rocks underneath the earth's crust.
Hydraulic fracturing is not only drills to find natural gas, but they also used to replenish and reestablish clean drinking wells.
Hydraulic Fracturing makes it possible to produce oil and natural gas in place where conventional technologies are ineffective.Access to new wells encourages economic growth and provides energy for all.
As compare to advantages some of the disadvantages are,
The extraordinary expansion of natural gas extraction through the use of hydraulic fracturing is causing real concerns about risk to air quality and water quality.
Some of people claim that hydraulic fracturing has serious environmental consequence, and its damaging our earth in long run. Many researcher believe that hydraulic fracturing negatively affects our earth. some of the reasons are from polluting air with toxic methane, a key component in natural gas, and contaminating water with chemicals. It also causes soil and oil spill contamination and even earthquake from deep well.
Market Overview
Several reports have attempted to quantify the impact of the expansion of hydraulic fracturing, as many of them concentrated on North America as the many of the leading oil field companies are located in this region. As compared to rest of world's market North American Market is at its Maturity level whereas, the other is at beginners level.
As per the analysis of IHS Study, 'The GDP perspective the shale gas contributed to GDP was $ 76.9 billion in 2010, and will increase to $ 118 billion by 2015 and will nearly triple to $ 231 billion in coming years.
If the various countries across the world permits the use of this techniques then the recovery of resources is expected to increase. Hence hydraulic fracturing will prove beneficial for developing countries like India, China and Brazil. As the demand for energy is greater in this countries so need for fulfill this demand will enhance their growth prospect. Which will be the driver market for this industry.
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