A non metallic chemical element with atomic no. 15 is known as phosphorus. Phosphorus was discovered by Hennig Brand at 1969 in Germany and the name phosphorus was derived from a Greek word "Phosphoros" which means "bringer of light".
There are several forms of phosphorus available namely white phosphorus, red and black phosphorus, yellow phosphorus etc although they are component of a same compound but slightly different in nature. some of the physical properties of phosphorus are:
Melting Point: 317.3 or [44.20C (111.60F)] K
Boiling Point: 550[or 2770C(5310F]K
Density Of Solid: 1823 Kg m-3
Critical Temperature: 994 [or 721 °C (1330 °F)] K.
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| Source:en.wikipedia.org |
The most important form of phosphorus is white phosphorus which is highly reactive in nature, it is spontaneously flammable when expose to air and poisonous in nature. it is widely used in manufacturing industries. Red phosphorous is extracted from heating white phosphorus to 2500 C by exposing it to sunlight. It is vary in color from orange to Purple due to slight variation in chemical structure. And the black phosphorus is made under high pressure which looks similar like graphite and conducts electricity.
Phosphorus Derivatives are used in different applications like agriculture, oil field drilling, plastic additives and fine chemicals.Some of the phosphorus derivatives are listed as follows :
- Phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3) which is inorganic phosphorus compounds.
- Phosphorus trichloride ( PCl3) also a inorganic phosphorous compounds.
- Ammonium and Industrial Phosphate which is widely used in fertilizers.
- Roflam P (TCPP) and Roflam E (TCEP) are used as flame retardants.
- Roplast IZO PE, Roplast IZO PE HQ, Roplast TPP are known as plasticizers.
- Rostabil TNF (TNPP) and Rostabil TNF HR are known as stabilizers.
And there are number of other phosphorous derivatives are available which widely used in various applications in various industries like Automotive industry, furniture industry, plastics and paints, Mining industry Pharmaceutical Industry and many more.
Application
As we all know phosphorus is essential element for life of life. We would not be alive if phosphate is not present in biological molecules such as DNA, ADP and ATP. Phosphorous is also found in our teeth and bones. Concentrated acids like phosphoric acids are used in agricultural industry which is used as fertilizer. Phosphate are used in special glasses, sodium lamps, in production of steels, in military applications like incendiary bombs, smokes, screenings etc. and in various applications such as pesticides, detergents, tooth paste etc.
Market Insight
If we look into past years we see that the demand for phosphorus and its derivative has increasing and it is due to rising demands in agriculture to grow plants to fulfill growing population demands. As phosphorous derivatives has large number of applications in various industries such as food, fertilizers, detergents, and water treatment chemicals etc its derivatives has a huge demand in various regions of the world, in which ammonium phosphate holds the large market share.
As per the research analysis the phosphorus and its derivatives market will reach to 107.5 million metric tons in the next five years with growth rate of 2.4%.
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